Heating Problems (LTB-Maintenance)

EAT-18690-11 (Re), 2011 CanLII 91047 (ON LTB)

8. The heating and cooling system in the entire complex, which includes the rental complex, the fitness facilities and the meeting rooms etc., are controlled through a boiler system that moves hot or cold water depending on the time of year. Testimony shows that the system is old and is being upgraded by the Landlord. The Landlord has hired companies to determine the problem however, the problems with the system persist. A valve has been replaced although it did not solve the problem. The pipes that distribute the water through the system are currently being examined to find the leaks. Thus far there have been several leaks discovered and it is expected more will be located. As a result, there are air blocks in the system causing the water to not circulate properly. The Landlord has replaced approximately 30 motors for the fans that blow the hot and cool air in residents units.

9. Based on these problems with the heating and cooling system, I find the Tenants’ credible when they testify that there have been several occasions when the heat to the rental units has not been at the level required in the City of Ottawa. I also accept the testimony that there has been extreme heat in the 10 foot by 14 foot rooms that have little ventilation and that the heat lasted for more than a month in May 2011. As a result, I find the Landlord has failed to provide adequate heating and cooling due to the problems with the motors and the water circulation system. This has substantially interfered with the Tenants’ reasonable enjoyment. As well, although (RW), the new Director, Facility and Maintenance, who was hired in May of this year, is actively taking the necessary steps to address these problems, I find the problem has persisted beyond what would be considered a reasonable period of time. Therefore the Landlord failed to meet the Landlord's obligations under subsection 20(1) of the Act to repair the heating and cooling system and has failed to comply with maintenance standards. Based the problems with the heating and cooling system, I accept the Tenants’ testimony that the rental units were excessively hot for approximately one month this year. I also find it probable there were a number of days when the heat in the rental units was less than the level required by the City of Ottawa by-law. Based on testimony I find the number of days to be equal to 3 weeks. One week while the system was being bled on a number of occasions to allow the water to flow properly, and another 2 weeks while the motors were not working properly of the system was not functioning properly. Considering these determinations, I find a further 25% abatement of rent for the 50 days where there was inadequate or excessive heat in the rental units to be appropriate.

TST-62285-15 (Re), 2016 CanLII 39764 (ON LTB)

36. In the end, I am left with the Tenants’ affirmed and uncontradicted evidence that their unit had insufficient heat from early December 2014 to late February 2015 and I must accept their evidence as true: Maldonado v. M.E.I., [1980] 2 F.C 302 (C.A.) at 305.

37. The Tenants did not provide dates or timelines when the heating was insufficient, or a log of temperature readings in the unit. Their evidence is that the temperature was “below 20 degrees Celsius during the winter”. Based on the evidence presented at the hearing, I am satisfied that there was insufficient heat in the Tenants’ rental unit for some time during the winter of 2014/2015. I therefore find that the Landlord’s breach in this regard interfered with the Tenants’ reasonable enjoyment of the unit.

38. However, it would have been helpful if the Tenants had provided temperature logs or the dates, number of times and for how long the temperature was below 21 degrees. In the absence of such specific evidence, the impact of the issue on the Tenants and the Landlord’s failure to take reasonable and timely steps to address and resolve this problem, I am satisfied that the Tenants are entitled to an abatement of 15% of the rent for the period from December 15, 2014 to February 20, 2015 (67 days), which totals $264.33.

TST-02920 (Re), 2009 CanLII 79960 (ON LTB)

2. The boiler for the residential complex has malfunctioned in recent years and was fixed on those occasions. In the summer of 2009, the Landlord did boiler maintenance and found the boiler to be functioning normally. On September 15, 2009, the Landlord turned on the heat and the boiler failed. The whole residential complex was without heat. On October 7, 2009 the Landlord notified tenants that the Landlord was trying to repair the heating system and offered tenants one space heater each. On October 15, 2009, the City of Toronto issued a work order requiring the Landlord to repair the boiler and cease using space heaters by November 3, 2009. On October 21, 2009, the Landlord informed the Tenants that the boiler could not be repaired and would have to be replaced. Prior to that (October 19, 2009) the Landlord requested an extension of the deadline to comply with the work order to December 31, 2009. The request was denied. At the time of the hearing the Landlord had almost completed preparatory work for the installation of a new boiler. I directed that the work be completed by November 22, 2009.

It is ordered that:

2. The Landlord shall install a new boiler to provide heat to the rental unit by November 22, 2009.

3. If the Landlord does not do the by November 22, 2009, the Tenant is authorized to deduct 40 percent of her rent from the monthly rent until the work is done.

TST-95660-18 (Re), 2019 CanLII 87814 (ON LTB)

22. The Tenants testified that in December 2017 they noticed certain rooms in the rental unit were very cold. These rooms all have an outside wall. The Tenants testified that they reported insufficient heat to the Landlord on January 19, 2018 and that the Landlord did nothing about the problem. The Tenants testified that they believe there is insufficient insulation in the outside walls of the affected rooms. To address the issue, the Tenants set the thermostat at a higher temperature, which caused the other rooms in the rental unit to get very hot, then blocked off vents to the rooms that get very hot, in an effort to divert the hot air to the cold rooms.

23. The Tenants submitted a copy of a chart showing temperature readings in the rental unit in December 2017.

24. The Landlord testified that when he renovated the house he was not able to put as much insulation in the outside walls as he wanted to. The Landlord testified that he was notified about the issue of insufficient heat on February 18, 2018.

25. Both parties submitted multiple e-mails and text messages regarding all of the issues in this application. The Tenants submitted no e-mails or text messages complaining about heat in January 2018, although there is a text message dated January 19, 2018 complaining about mice. The only written communication about the heat issue provided by the Tenants is a copy of an e-mail sent to the Landlord on February 19, 2018. The way the issue is worded in this e-mail suggests that it is the first time the Tenants have raised the issue with the Landlord.

26. Based on the Tenants’ lack of written correspondence about this issue from January 2018, and based on the e-mail dated February 19, 2018, I find, on a balance of probabilities, that the Tenants reported this issue to the Landlord on February 19, 2018.

27. The Landlord testified that he contacted HVAC contractors when the Tenants complained about heat and that the contractors attended the rental unit on February 27, 2018. At the hearing the Landlord submitted copies of invoices from two contractors, both with respect to work done on February 27, 2018. One invoice is from a furnace specialist, who indicated on the invoice that the system is working and the problem of insufficient heat is caused by the blocking of vents. The other invoice is from a heating and air conditioning contractor, who indicated on the invoice that the heat problem is caused by the blocking of vents.

28. The Landlord’s documentary evidence of inspections on February 27, 2018 contradicts the Tenants’ testimony that the Landlord did nothing about the issue. As the Landlord’s testimony about these inspections is supported by documentary evidence from uninterested third parties, I give more weight to the Landlord’s evidence on this issue. Accordingly, I find on a balance of probabilities that the Landlord responded to the issue in a timely manner. Further, based on the Landlord’s evidence, I find that the problem was caused by the Tenants blocking vents in the rental unit.

29. Applying Onyskiw, I cannot find that the Landlord breached s.20 of the Act with respect to the heat issue. The problem was caused by the Tenants’ conduct. The Landlord responded in a timely and appropriate manner.

NOT-20798-15 (Re), 2015 CanLII 79117 (ON LTB)

5. The Tenant testified the room was heated by one hot water radiator which he told the Landlord was not working from his first winter in the unit. The Tenant provided additional heat by using a borrowed electric heater. The Landlord testified she recalls a complaint about the heat and she took steps to turn it up. When no further complaints were received she believed the issue was resolved. The Landlord did not investigate if the radiator was functioning properly at any time during the tenancy. She testified she observed the Tenant had put stuff in front of the radiator and she believes this restricted the heat flow.

6. A photograph of the radiator shows significant rust and other discharge around the radiator valve.

7. The Tenant also provided photographs of the “metal” shower enclosure, shared by three tenants, which shows serious rust deterioration in the lower half and it is clearly in extremely bad condition. The Landlord stated only that she received no complaints about the shower.

8. The Tenant testified there was a fan/light in the ceiling which was not working. He advised the Landlord who provided a new fan fixture. The Tenant was prepared to install it but need the power turned off. The Landlord stated she could not get the power off and the installation was left uncompleted. The Tenant stated he used a small table lamp for light which was inadequate. The Landlord stated she made one attempt to install it but the Tenant’s stuff was in the way. Apparently she asked another tenant to install the fixture but did not explain how he was to do this if the power could not be disconnected. The Landlord did not follow up to ensure the installation was done. The Landlord commented the Tenant had additional light from an outside street light which is a totally inadequate response.

9. Therefore, I find that the Landlord failed to meet the Landlord's obligations under subsection 20(1) of the Act to repair and maintain the rental unit with respect to the following items: malfunctioning stove, poor condition of shower stall, lack of overhead lighting, and lack of adequate heat.

10. The Tenant is entitled to rent abatement in the amount of $729.00. This is based on 15% of the monthly rent of $405.00 for a period of 12 months. The reduced % takes into consideration that the issue with the heat would not be present for the full year.

TST-81983-17 (Re), 2017 CanLII 60131 (ON LTB)

14. Based on the Tenant’s uncontested evidence, I find that 75% of the rental unit had no power between December 15 and 17, 2016. I also find that between December 18 and 21, 2016, there was no power in the den and 3 of the 5 outlets in the living room had no power. I further find that between December 22, 2016 and March 13, 2016, several outlets in the living room did not work and both outlets in the den did not work.

15. The Landlords did not attend the hearing to explain why the electricity was not fully restored to the rental unit on December 15, 2016, once the Tenants advised them there had been a power outage in the unit. Without this explanation, I find that the Landlords’ prolonged and incomplete response to the electrical problems in the rental unit was unreasonable. Therefore, I find that the Landlords substantially interfered with the Tenants’ reasonable enjoyment of the rental unit between December 15, 2016 and March 13, 2016 (when the tenancy terminated, as discussed below) by failing to supply electricity to the entire rental unit. I also find that by failing to supply electricity to the entire unit, the Landlord withheld a vital service. Section 2 of the Residential Tenancies Act, 2006 (the “Act”) defines a vital service to include electricity.

16. I further find that the Landlords substantially interfered with the Tenants’ reasonable enjoyment of the rental unit when the Landlords’ electrician stepped on the Tenants’ comforter with his dirty boots, making it necessary for the Tenants to incur the cost of dry-cleaning the comforter. When the electrician did this he was acting as agent for the Landlords with respect to repairing the electricity in the rental unit on their behalf. Therefore, the Landlords are responsible for any damage the electrician caused to the Tenants’ property in the course of doing these repairs.

Remedies granted

17. For the period December 15 – 17, 2016, the Landlords shall pay the Tenants an abatement of rent in the amount of $170.15. This amount represents 75% of the rent the Tenants paid for this period and it is based on a per diem rent is $75.62. This abatement is meant to compensate the Tenants for the 75% of the rental unit they were unable to properly and fully use during this period.

18. For the period December 18 – 21, 2016, the Landlords shall pay the Tenants an abatement of rent in the amount of $45.37. This represents 15% of the per diem rent the Tenants paid for this period. Based on the Tenants’ evidence, it seems that there were 7 rooms in the rental unit. During this period, there was no electricity supplied to the den, which is 1 of the 7 rooms in the rental unit. There was also no power to 3 outlets in the living room. Therefore, appropriately 15% of the rental unit was still without power and the Tenants could not use this space fully and properly.

19. For the period December 22, 2016 – March 13, 2017 (approximately 3 months), the Landlords shall pay the Tenants an abatement of rent in the amount of $450.00 (or $150.00 per month). This amount represents the five outlets that did not work in the rental unit during this period. YC testified that prior to the power outage she used the den as her home office. During this period, YC would not have been able to fully and properly use the den for this purpose. The Landlords either knew or ought to have known that there were outstanding electrical issues in the rental unit after December 21, 2016. The Landlords’ electrician was in the rental unit as late as December 21, 2016 for the purpose of restoring power to the rental unit and he should have ensured that all of the electrical problems in the unit were fixed.

20. The Landlords shall pay the Tenants $45.19 for the reasonable out-of-pocket expense the Tenants incurred to dry-clean their comforter. The Tenants incurred this cost as a direct result of the actions of the Landlords’ electrician who was acting as the Landlords’ agent at the time.

21. The tenancy is terminated March 13, 2017. The Tenants provided the Landlords notice of termination on January 13, 2017 with a termination date of March 13, 2017. This was a fixed-term tenancy. Therefore, I find that the notice the Tenants provided the Landlords did not comply with section 47 and 44 of the Act. According to these provisions the Tenants were required to give the Landlords at least 60 days’ notice with a termination date that was effective on the last day of the term. However, in the circumstances, I find it appropriate to order that the tenancy is terminated early. After December 21, 2017, the Landlords took no further action to complete the electrical repairs in the rental unit. The Landlords also cancelled electrical repairs that were underway in the rental unit on December 21st and did not arrange for anyone to attend the unit again to complete them. This represented a fundamental breach of the tenancy agreement and of the Landlords’ maintenance obligations that justifies termination of the tenancy.

22. Since the tenancy is terminated March 13, 2017, the Landlords shall pay the Tenants $1,285.54, representing the per diem rent for the period March 14 – 31, 2017. The Tenants paid rent for this period but they are not responsible for paying rent after the tenancy terminated.

23. The Tenants claimed $608.34 in moving and storage expenses they incurred to move out of the rental unit. The Landlords shall pay the Tenants this amount, which represents the Tenants’ reasonable out-of-pocket expenses they incurred as a result of the Landlords’ unreasonable response to the electrical problems in the rental unit and having to terminate the tenancy early.

TNT-15108-19 (Re), 2020 CanLII 31149 (ON LTB)

11. The Tenants proved that the Landlord did not provide a functioning heating system from November 15, 2018 to October 7, 2019, when the Landlord had a new natural gas-fired furnace installed in the rental unit.

12. The Landlord did not dispute JB’s evidence that the primary source of heat at the rental unit was an oil-fired furnace. The Landlord also did not dispute JB’s evidence that the oil tank had been deemed unsafe, and that the oil-fired furnace was accordingly unusable from the time the tenancy began.

13. Because the furnace at the rental unit was unusable, the Tenants relied on a wood stove and portable electric space heaters for heat. The Tenants purchased firewood to heat the property, and electric blankets to supplement the portable heaters. JB requested an order requiring the Landlord to pay a 100 percent abatement of rent for the period November 2018 to April 2019, because of the lack of heat.

16. Based on the evidence adduced at the hearing, I conclude that the Landlord failed to maintain and/or repair the backyard deck railing, master bedroom and children’s bedroom ceilings and the rental property’s primary source of heat.

17. At the hearing, the Tenant JB requested a 100 percent abatement of rent for the period November 2018 to April 2019, because of the lack of heat. The Landlord submitted that a 60 percent abatement of rent is appropriate.

18. I agree with the Landlord’s submission that a 100 percent abatement of rent is not appropriate under the circumstances. Although the Tenants and their children endured cold temperatures inside the property, they were nevertheless able to occupy the property.

19. However, the supply of heat during the winter is vital. The Tenants were unable to adequately heat the property, because of the Landlord’s failure to maintain and repair the oil furnace. JB gave evidence that the lack of heat had a substantial effect on the Tenants’ use and enjoyment of the property.

20. Based on the evidence adduced at the hearing, I find it is appropriate to order the Landlord to pay to the Tenants a 66 percent abatement of rent for the six-month period November 2018 to April 2019. This amount is commensurate with the reduced use and enjoyment of the property the Tenants’ household endured from the lack of adequate heat.

21. The Tenants’ monthly rent in November 2018 and December 2018 was $3,000.00. The Landlord reduced the rent to $2,500.00 on December 28, 2018. The total abatement of rent the Landlord shall pay to the Tenants for failing to maintain and repair the property’s heating system, is therefore $10,560.00.

22. The Tenant JB also requested an order requiring the Landlord to pay a 60 percent abatement of rent, because the Landlord failed to repair the bedroom ceilings.

23. The Tenants’ photographs show that the damage to the ceilings was cosmetic. Despite evidence of the amount of plaster that fell in the children’s room, the damage to the ceiling did not reasonably interfere with a person’s ability to use the bedroom for all usual purposes.

24. However, the Landlord did not address the ceiling issues within a reasonable period of time, as the Act requires. Despite knowing of some ceiling damage in March 2019, the Landlord did not begin repairs until Jul 2019. I therefore find that it is appropriate to order the Landlord to pay to the Tenants a lump-sum abatement of $200.00 for having failed to repair the bedroom ceilings.

25. The total abatement of rent the Landlord shall pay to the Tenants, is $10,760.00.

TET-34336-13 (Re), 2013 CanLII 52486 (ON LTB)

1. The main issue in this application was over the provision of heat in the rental unit. The Landlord lives in a rear portion of the home while the Tenants lived in the front portion.

5. The Tenants were able to produce copies of texts between the parties in which the Landlord clearly says that she will go and get more oil for the furnace when that oil runs out. The landlord was buying the oil in very small quantities to save on costs.

6. The Tenants were also able to show pictures of the thermostat in the rental unit that clearly showed the current temperature at 60 degrees (f) when they were calling for 72 degrees.

7. This is totally unacceptable and while the Landlord can treat herself and her family in this manner she is not allowed by law to treat tenants in the same manner.

8. Therefore, I find that on the balance of probabilities the Landlord withheld a reasonable supply of a vital service that the Landlord was obligated to supply under the tenancy agreement for the months of January and February of 2013.

9. I also find that the Tenants moved out of the rental unit because of the Landlord's actions.

10. I have awarded the Tenants a 25% rental abatement for the month’s of January and February 2013. This is 2 x 25% x $900 = $450.00. I have also awarded $200.00 in moving costs as this amount seems reasonable in the circumstances.

TST-90479-17 (Re), 2018 CanLII 123424 (ON LTB)

17. CG testified that on November 10, 2017 it got cold in the rental unit and when the Tenants tried to turn the heat on the radiator did not make heat. CG testified that she notified the Landlords immediately and that they did not repair the heat at any time during the remainder of the tenancy.

18. CG did not submit any temperature readings in the unit from November 10 to 30, 2017.

19. CG testified that as a result of the insufficient heat, she had a flu and a fever from November 10, 2017 to November 30, 2017. CG did not submit any medical documents to support her testimony. Based on CG’s lack of medical evidence to support that she had a fever and flu for 20 days, I am not satisfied, on a balance of probabilities, that she had a fever and flu for such an extended period. CG testified that she and the other Tenant were constantly cold from November 10, 2017 to November 30, 2017 and that they had to bundle up with sweaters. CG gave no evidence about any steps she or the other Tenant took to minimize the effect of the insufficient heat (eg., getting space heaters).

20. Based on CG’s uncontested testimony, I am satisfied, on a balance of probabilities, that the Landlords breached their maintenance obligations under s.20 of the Act with respect to insufficient heat in the unit.

21. After considering the duration of this problem, the impact on the Tenants’ enjoyment and use of the rental unit, and the lack of evidence about the Tenants’ efforts to minimize their own losses, I find that the Tenants are entitled to a rent abatement of 10% per month for the period of November 10, 2017 to November 30, 2017, for a total of $137.74.

TST-09398-19 (Re), 2020 CanLII 31320 (ON LTB)

12. The only issue raised in the T2 application is insufficient heat.

13. The thermostat for the residential complex is in another tenant’s unit.

14. The Tenant testified that she first complained to the Landlord about insufficient heat in April 2015 and that she and the Landlord assumed that it was an issue with the furnace. The Tenant and the Landlord worked together to have the furnace inspected by an HVAC technician.

15. In the summer of 2018, the Landlord installed shutters in the furnace room which control how much air goes from the furnace to each of the Tenant’s and the other tenant’s units. The Tenant testified that this did not solve the problem of insufficient heat and that in the colder months she has insufficient heat about 25% to 30% of the time. The Tenant submitted a photograph of a temperature reading she did in the rental unit in October 2019 showing a temperature of 16 degrees Celsius.

16. The Landlord has had the furnace serviced by an HVAC technician multiple times in 2018 and 2019 in response to the Tenant’s reports of inadequate heat.

17. It is clear from copies of e-mails and text messages submitted by the parties that in addition to having the furnace serviced frequently, the Landlord had the other resident investigate the issue but this did not resolve it. The Tenant testified that she believes the other tenant is causing the problem by shutting the shutter that controls heat to her unit.

28. Based on the Tenant’s largely uncontested evidence, I find on a balance of probabilities that the rental unit gets insufficient heat in the colder months about 25% of the time and that the Landlord has been aware of this issue for several years. Further, based on the Tenant’s largely uncontested evidence, I find on a balance of probabilities that the Landlord has not investigated the issue sufficiently. After the HVAC technician eliminated the possibility that the furnace itself was the problem, it was not sufficient to delegate the investigation of this issue to the tenant with whom the Tenant is in conflict about this issue.

29. I therefore find that the Landlord has substantially interfered with the Tenant’s reasonable enjoyment of the premises.

30. Based on the nature and duration of the heat issue and its impact on the Tenant’s use of the unit, I find that the Tenant is entitled to a 12.5% rent abatement for the periods of September 1, 2018 to June 15, 2019 and from September 1, 2019 to the date of this order. Heat is a vital service which must be provided from September 1 of each year to June 15 of the following year (as per the definition of “vital service” in the Act). The Tenant is entitled to a 50% rent abatement for the times that she did not have adequate heat, which she testified was 25% to 30% of the time. The total rent abatement to be ordered for insufficient heat is $1,716.62.

==TST-34695-12 (Re), 2015 CanLII 9137 (ON LTB)