Air Quality Standards (Residential)

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Date Retrieved:	2024-04-28
CLNP Page ID:	2352
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Citation:	Air Quality Standards (Residential), CLNP 2352, <>, retrieved on 2024-04-28
Editor:	Sharvey
Last Updated:	2024/03/01

Guide's

• https://www.ontario.ca/page/guideline-12-guideline-implementation-air-standards-ontario

2012 Building Code(O.Reg 332/12)

6.2.2. Ventilation

6.2.2.1. Required Ventilation

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (3), all buildings shall be ventilated in accordance with this Part.

(2) Except in storage garages and repair garages covered by Article 6.2.2.3., the rates at which outdoor air is supplied in buildings by ventilation systems shall be not less than the rates required by ANSI/ASHRAE 62.1, “Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality”.

(3) Self-contained mechanical ventilation systems that serve only one dwelling unit and that conform to the requirements of Subsection 9.32.3. shall be considered to satisfy the requirements of this Article.

(4) Live/work units shall be mechanically ventilated in accordance with the requirements of Sentence (1).

6.2.2.2. Natural Ventilation

(1) Except as permitted by Sentence (2), the ventilation required by Article 6.2.2.1. shall be provided by mechanical ventilation except that it can be provided by natural ventilation or a combination of natural and mechanical ventilation in,

(a) buildings of other than residential occupancy having an occupant load of not more than one person per 40 m² during normal use,

(b) buildings of industrial occupancy where the nature of the process contained in them permits or requires the use of large openings in the building envelope even during the winter, or

(c) seasonal buildings not intended to be occupied during the winter.

(2) Where climatic conditions permit, buildings containing occupancies other than residential occupancies, may be ventilated by natural ventilation methods in lieu of mechanical ventilation where engineering data demonstrates that such a method will provide the required ventilation for the type of occupancy.

...

6.2.2.4. Air Contaminants

(1) Air contaminants released within buildings shall be removed insofar as possible at their points of origin and shall not be permitted to accumulate in concentrations greater than permitted in the ACGIH, “Industrial Ventilation Manual”.

(2) Systems serving spaces that contain sources of contamination and systems serving other occupied parts of the building but located in or running through spaces that contain sources of contamination shall be designed in such a manner as to prevent spreading of such contamination to other occupied parts of the building.

(3) Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning systems shall be designed to minimize growth of micro-organisms according to good engineering practice as described in 6.2.1.1.(1).

(4) Mechanical rooms containing refrigeration equipment shall be ventilated in accordance with CSA-B52, “Mechanical Refrigeration Code”.

...

9.32.3. Mechanical Ventilation

9.32.3.1. General

(1) For the purposes of this Subsection a non-solid fuel-fired appliance shall be classified as,

(a) direct vented whereby the combustion air is supplied directly from the outdoors to the combustion chamber via a sealed passageway, and the products of combustion are exhausted directly outdoors through an independent sealed vent,

(b) mechanically vented induced draft whereby combustion air is supplied from within the building envelope and the products of combustion are positively conveyed to the outdoors by means of a dedicated sealed vent, or

(c) natural draft whereby combustion air is supplied from within the building envelope and the products of combustion are conveyed to the outdoors through a chimney or Type B vent.

(2) For the purposes of this Subsection a dwelling unit shall be categorized as,

(a) Type I when,

(i) all fuel-fired combustion appliances located in the dwelling unit are direct vented or, except for fireplaces, are mechanically vented induced draft, and

(ii) the dwelling unit does not contain a solid fuel-fired combustion appliance,

(b) Type II when a solid fuel-fired combustion appliance is installed in a Type I dwelling unit,

(c) Type III when a mechanically vented induced draft non-solid fuel-fired fireplace or a natural draft appliance is present, or

(d) Type IV when electric space heating is present.

9.32.3.2. Required Mechanical Ventilation

(1) The mechanical ventilation system required in Article 9.32.1.2. shall comply with,

(a) Part 6, or

(b) this Subsection for a mechanical ventilation system in a Type I, Type II or Type IV dwelling unit.

9.32.3.3. Total Ventilation Capacity

(1) The minimum total ventilation capacity of the ventilation system required in Clause

9.32.3.2.(1)(b) shall be the sum of the individual room capacities given in Table 9.32.3.3.

Table 9.32.3.3. Ventilation Capacity Forming Part of Sentence 9.32.3.3.(1)

Item	Column 1	Column 2
	Room	Capacity, L/s
1.	Master bedroom(1)	10
2.	Other bedrooms	5
3.	Living room(2)	5
4.	Dining room(2)	5
5.	Kitchen	5
6.	Family room(2)	5
7.	Recreation room	5
8.	Basement(3)	10
9.	Other habitable rooms(4)	5
10.	Bathroom or water closet room	5
11.	Laundry room	5
12.	Utility room	5

Notes to Table 9.32.3.3.: ⁽¹⁾ At least one bedroom in each dwelling unit shall be designated as the master bedroom.

⁽²⁾ Ventilation capacities assigned to any combined living/dining or family/dining space shall be determined as if the spaces were individual rooms.

⁽³⁾ Where a basement incorporates rooms of the types designated in this Table, the assigned ventilation capacities for each room shall be as specified for those types of rooms. Basement areas used for other purposes that exceed ⅔ of the total basement floor area shall be assigned a fan capacity of 10 L/s.  Those that are less than ⅔ of the total floor area shall be assigned 5 L/s.

⁽⁴⁾ Other habitable rooms shall be assigned a ventilation capacity of 5 L/s.  This does not include spaces intended solely for access, egress, storage or service equipment.

9.32.3.4. Principal Exhaust

(1) A principal exhaust fan shall be installed and shall be rated to provide not less than the capacity given in Table 9.32.3.4.A.

Table 9.32.3.4.A. Principal Exhaust Fan Capacity Forming Part of Sentence 9.32.3.4.(1)

Item	Column 1	Column 2
	Number of Bedrooms in Dwelling Unit	Capacity, L/s
1.	1	15
2.	2	22.5
3.	3	30
4.	4	37.5
5.	5	45
6.	More than 5	System must comply with Sentence 6.2.1.1.(1)

(2) Except as permitted in Sentence (3), the principal exhaust fan shall be controlled by a manual switch.

(3) A principal exhaust fan required under this Article may be controlled by a dehumidistat or other automatic control device where the manual switch required in Sentence (2) is capable of activating the fan regardless of the setting of the automatic control.

(4) The switches required in Sentences (2) and (3) shall be centrally located in the dwelling unit and shall be identified with the words VENTILATION FAN.

(5) The principal exhaust required in this Article may be provided by means of a heat recovery ventilator installed in accordance with Article 9.32.3.11.

(6) Where the installed capacity of the principal exhaust fan exceeds the minimum capacity required in Sentence (1) by more than 50%, the control required in Sentence (2) shall include provision to allow reduction of the flow to within ±10% of the minimum capacity specified in Sentence (1).

(7) Where an exhaust air intake for the principal exhaust fan is connected directly to the duct system of a forced air heating system or other central air circulating system, it shall,

(a) be connected to the return air side of the system, and

(b) be connected not less than 1 000 mm upstream from any outdoor air supply duct.

(8) Where an exhaust air intake for the principal exhaust fan is located in the kitchen, it shall be located in the ceiling or on the wall within 300 mm of the ceiling.

(9) Single or multiple exhaust ducts serving the principal exhaust fan required by Sentence (1) shall be sized according to Part 6 except that they may be sized according to Table 9.32.3.4.B. where,

(a) the longest total duct length, from intake grille to outdoor hood, does not exceed 12 m, and

(b) the number of elbows does not exceed 4,

but, in any case, they shall not be smaller than recommended by the manufacturer of the fan.

O. Reg. 419/05: AIR POLLUTION - LOCAL AIR QUALITY

30. (1) A person who discharges or causes or permits the discharge of a contaminant listed in Schedule 6 into the air shall comply with subsections (3) and (4) if there is reason to believe, based on any relevant information, that discharges of the contaminant may result in the concentration of the contaminant exceeding,

(a) the half hour upper risk threshold set out for that contaminant in Schedule 6 at a point of impingement, if section 19 applies to the person in respect of the contaminant; or

(b) the other time period upper risk threshold set out for that contaminant in Schedule 6 at a point of impingement, if section 20 applies to the person in respect of the contaminant. O. Reg. 516/07, s. 24 (1); O. Reg. 507/09, s. 30 (1); O. Reg. 109/18, s. 8.

(1.1) The two items in Schedule 6 that set out upper risk thresholds for total reduced sulphur (TRS) compounds specify the facilities to which they apply. O. Reg. 516/07, s. 24 (1).

(2) Without limiting the generality of subsection (1), the reference in that subsection to relevant information includes relevant information from predictions of a dispersion model, including,

(a) an approved dispersion model or other dispersion model; or

(b) a dispersion model that is not used in accordance with this Regulation. O. Reg. 419/05, s. 30 (2).

(3) If subsection (1) applies to a discharge, the person who discharged or caused or permitted the discharge of the contaminant shall immediately notify the Director in writing. O. Reg. 419/05, s. 30 (3).

(4) If subsection (1) applies to a discharge, the person who discharged or caused or permitted the discharge of the contaminant shall, within three months after the discharge, prepare a report in accordance with section 26 and submit the report to the Director. O. Reg. 419/05, s. 30 (4).

...

(7) If, according to an approved dispersion model that is used for the purpose of preparing a report under subsection (4), discharges of a contaminant may result in a contravention of section 20 because of the concentration of the contaminant at a point of impingement located on a place referred to in subsection (8), the person who prepares the report shall include the following in the report:

1. A statement or map identifying the place that the point of impingement is located on.

2. A statement specifying the highest concentration of the contaminant that the approved dispersion model predicts for the point of impingement.

3. A statement specifying the number of averaging periods for which the approved dispersion model predicts that discharges of a contaminant may result in a contravention of section 20 because of the concentration of the contaminant at the point of impingement, expressed as a percentage of the number of averaging periods in,

i. a period of five years, if the approved dispersion model was used in accordance with meteorological data described in paragraph 1, 1.1, 2 or 2.1 of subsection 13 (1),

ii. a period equal to the length of the period over which the meteorological data was collected, if the approved dispersion model was used in accordance with local or site-specific meteorological data described in paragraph 3 of subsection 13 (1), or

iii. a period equal to the length of the period that was used for the purposes of the computational method, if the approved dispersion model was used in accordance with meteorological data obtained from a computational method in accordance with paragraph 4 of subsection 13 (1). O. Reg. 516/07, s. 24 (5).

(8) The following places are the places referred to in subsection (7) and in subsection 35 (2):

1. A health care facility.

2. A senior citizens’ residence or long-term care facility.

3. A child care facility.

4. An educational facility.

5. A dwelling.

6. A place specified by the Director in a notice under subsection (9) as a place where discharges of a contaminant may cause a risk to human health. O. Reg. 419/05, s. 30 (8); O. Reg. 507/09, s. 30 (4).

(9) For the purpose of paragraph 6 of subsection (8), the Director may give written notice to a person who is required to notify the Director under subsection (3) stating that the Director is of the opinion that the discharge may cause a risk to human health at a place specified in the notice. O. Reg. 419/05, s. 30 (9).

...

35. (1) The Director may approve a request under section 32 and set a site-specific standard for the contaminant that is the subject of the request if,

(a) the person making the request has complied with sections 32 to 34.1; and

(b) the Director is of the opinion that,

(i) the person making the request cannot comply with section 20 with respect to the standard set out in Schedule 3 for the contaminant for the averaging period specified under paragraph 0.1 of subsection 33 (1) because,

(A) it is not technically feasible for the person to comply, in the case of a person who is relying on any paragraph of subsection 32 (1), or

(B) it is not economically feasible for the person to comply, in the case of a person who is relying on a paragraph of subsection 32 (1) other than paragraph 4,

(ii) the difference between the standard set out in Schedule 3 for the contaminant for the averaging period specified in paragraph 0.1 of subsection 33 (1) and the site-specific standard set by the Director for the contaminant is the minimum difference necessary to enable the person to comply with section 20 with respect to the contaminant, and

(iii) there is no public interest reason sufficient to require the denial of the request. O. Reg. 507/09, s. 32 (1); O. Reg. 282/11, ss. 10 (1-4).

(2) Despite subsection (1), the Director shall not approve a request under section 32 to set a site-specific standard for a contaminant if the contaminant is listed in Schedule 6 and the Director is of the opinion that the site-specific standard is likely to permit discharges of the contaminant that too frequently result in the concentration of the contaminant at a point of impingement located on a place referred to in subsection 30 (8) exceeding the other time period upper risk threshold set out for the contaminant in Schedule 6. O. Reg. 507/09, s. 32 (1); O. Reg. 282/11, s. 10 (5).

...

SCHEDULE 6

UPPER RISK THRESHOLDS

Item	CAS No.	Contaminant	Half Hour Upper Risk Threshold (µg/m³)	Other Time Period Upper Risk Threshold (µg/m³)
1.	75-07-0	Acetaldehyde	5,000	5,000 (24 hour)
2.	67-64-1	Acetone	118,800	118,800 (24 hour)
3.	75-05-8	Acetonitrile	2,100	700 (24 hour)
4.	107-02-8	Acrolein	12	4 (24 hour)
5.	107-13-1	Acrylonitrile	180	60 (24 hour)
6.	7664-41-7	Ammonia	3,600	1,000 (24 hour)
6.0.1	71-43-2	Benzene	300	100 (24 hour)
6.0.2	50-32-8	Benzo(a)pyrene	0.015	0.005 (24 hour)
6.0.3	106-99-0	Butadiene, 1,3-	900	300 (24 hour)
6.1	71-36-3	Butanol, n-	18,000	6,000 (24 hour)
6.2	7440-43-9	Cadmium and Cadmium Compounds	0.75	0.25 (24 hour)
7.	56-23-5	Carbon Tetrachloride	72	24 (24 hour)
8.	7782-50-5	Chlorine	300	100 (24 hour)
8.1	10049-04-4	Chlorine Dioxide	60	20 (24 hour)
8.2	75-00-3	Chloroethane	75,000	25,000 (24 hour)
9.	67-66-3	Chloroform	300	100 (24 hour)
9.1	18540-29-9	Chromium Compounds (Hexavalent)	0.21	0.07 (24 hour)
9.2	7440-47-3	Chromium and Chromium Compounds (Metallic, Divalent and Trivalent	15	5 (24 hour)
10.	110-82-7	Cyclohexane	183,000	61,000 (24 hour)
11.	117-81-7	Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate	1,500	500 (24 hour)
12.	106-46-7	Dichlorobenzene, 1,4-	2,850	950 (24 hour)
12.1	75-34-3	Dichloroethane, 1,1-	4,950	1,650 (24 hour)
12.2	not applicable	Dioxins, Furans and Dioxin-like PCBs	0.000003	0.000001 (24 hour)
13.	100-41-4	Ethyl Benzene	14,000	10,000 (24 hour)
14.	60-29-7	Ethyl Ether	7,000	80,000 (24 hour)
15.	107-06-2	Ethylene Dichloride	600	200 (24 hour)
15.1	75-21-8	Ethylene Oxide	60	20 (24 hour)
16.	4035-89-6	HDI Biuret (HDI-BT)	30	30 (24 hour)
17.	3779-63-3	HDI Isocyanurate (HDI-IC)	30	30 (24 hour)
18.	28182-81-2	HDI Polyisocyanate (HDI-BT & HDI-IC)	30	30 (24 hour)
19.	822-06-0	Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) Monomer	1	0.3 (24 hour)
19.1	110-54-3	Hexane, n- (part of a mixture)	25,000	25,000 (24 hour)
19.2	110-54-3	Hexane, n- (n-Hexane and Hexane isomers only)	25,000	25,000 (24 hour)
20.	7647-01-0	Hydrogen Chloride	600	200 (24 hour)
21.	74-90-8	Hydrogen Cyanide	240	80 (24 hour)
21.1	7783-06-4	Hydrogen Sulphide	210	70 (24 hour)
21.2	78-83-1	Isobutanol	48,000	16,000 (24 hour)
22.	67-63-0	Isopropanol (Isopropyl Alcohol)	220,000	73,000 (24 hour)
22.1	7439-92-1	Lead and Lead Compounds	6	2 (24 hour)
22.1.1	7439-96-5	Manganese and Manganese Compounds	12	4 (24 hour)
23.	101-68-8	Methane Diphenyl Diisocyanate (MDI Monomer)	7	7 (24 hour)
23.1	74-87-3	Methyl Chloride	9,600	3,200 (24 hour)
24.	78-93-3	Methyl Ethyl Ketone (2-Butanone)	30,000	10,000 (24 hour)
25.	624-83-9	Methyl Isocyanate	10	10 (24 hour)
26.	75-09-2	Methylene Chloride	22,000	22,000 (24 hour)
27.	not applicable	Mineral Spirits	30,000	26,000 (24 hour)
28.	7440-02-0	Nickel and Nickel Compounds	6	2 (24 hour)
29.	Revoked:  O. Reg. 516/07, s. 32 (2).
30.	127-18-4	Perchloroethylene	10,800	3,600 (24 hour)
31.	108-95-2	Phenol	900	300 (24 hour)
31.1	7664-38-2	Phosphoric Acid	210	70 (24 hour)
32.	9016-87-9	Polymeric Methane Diphenyl Diisocyanate (PMDI)	7	7 (24 hour)
32.1	115-07-1	Propylene	120,000	40,000 (24 hour)
33.	75-56-9	Propylene Oxide	450	150 (24 hour)
33.1	7664-93-9	Sulphuric Acid	30	15 (24 hour)
33.2	7446-09-5	Sulphur Dioxide	830	690 (1 hour)
34.	584-84-9	Toluene Di-isocyanate, 2,4-	2	2 (24 hour)
35.	26471-62-5	Toluene Di-isocyanate, 2,4- and 2,6- (mixed isomers)	2	2 (24 hour)
35.1	not applicable	Total Reduced Sulphur (TRS) Compounds (facilities that are part of the class identified by NAICS code 3221 (Pulp, Paper and Paperboard Mills))	210	70 (24 hour)
35.2	not applicable	Total Reduced Sulphur (TRS) Compounds (other facilities)	210	70 (24 hour)
36.	79-01-6	Trichloroethylene (TCE)	3,600	1,200 (24 hour)
36.1	526-73-8	Trimethylbenzene, 1,2,3- (individual isomer or Trimethylbenzene mixture)	6,600	2,200 (24 hour)
36.2	95-63-6	Trimethylbenzene, 1,2,4- (individual isomer or Trimethylbenzene mixture)	6,600	2,200 (24 hour)
36.3	108-67-8	Trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5- (individual isomer or Trimethylbenzene mixture)	6,600	2,200 (24 hour)
36.4	7440-61-1	Uranium and Uranium Compounds in particulate matter that is less than 10 µm in diameter	4.5	1.5 (24 hour)
37.	75-01-4	Vinyl Chloride	300	100 (24 hour)
38.	1330-20-7	Xylenes	22,000	7,300 (24 hour)

O. Reg. 419/05, Sched. 6; O. Reg. 605/05, s. 16; O. Reg. 516/07, s. 32; O. Reg. 507/09, s. 37; O. Reg. 282/11, s. 17; O. Reg. 309/17, s. 3; O. Reg. 109/18, s. 15.